6 Ways to Manage a Virtual Work ForceMany employers remain concerned about whether they're getting the most from their remote employees.

Thanks to improved technology and the high price of gasoline, working remotely has become an increasingly popular--and less expensive--option for both large and small work forces. Since 2006, the number of U.S. employees who worked remotely at least one day per month increased 39 percent to 17.2 million in 2008, according to the latest survey available from WorldatWork, a global human resources association in Washington, D.C.

Employers that go this route typically like the reduced rents and technology savings telecommuting affords, while employees appreciate spending less time commuting and lower transportation costs. Despite these benefits, however, many employers remain concerned about whether they're getting the most from employees, says Rieva Lesonsky, the founder and president of GrowBiz Media, a small business consultancy in Costa Mesa, Calif. "It's a loss of control thing for them," she says.

How do you tackle the challenges of managing a remote work force? Here are six strategies.

1. Start off slow
   Inevitably, there will be systemic kinks and bugs that will accompany a transition to a remote office. Instead of dispatching all of your workers simultaneously, transition gradually, Lesonsky suggests. "Until you get more comfortable with having a disparate work force, offer the ability to work from home one day a week or three days a month," she says. Then, be sure to check on those workers at the end of the month. "See if there are any glitches," Lesonky says.
2. Have a probation period
   Unless you have a 100 percent virtual company, don't let new employees work from home right away, Lesonky says. Having a remote work force is built mostly on trust. "You have to be sure you can trust your new workers with the responsibility of working from home," she says. Lesonsky suggests giving new workers a 60- to 90-day probationary period before giving them the OK. For fully virtual companies, hire workers who don't require much managing and can thrive in an autonomous setting, she says.
3. Set expectations
   Although working at home lends itself to more flexible hours and working in one's PJs, it should be clear to employees what's expected of them, according to James Sinclair, the CEO ofOnSite Consulting, a hospitality management and consulting firm in Los Angeles. Sinclair delegates the day-to-day management of his 65 employees to team leaders, each of whom heads groups of five or six workers. The leaders are responsible for defining project goals and making sure workers adhere to both daily and weekly tasks. "We don't have people on our staff walking around looking for something to do," says Sinclair. "But we do have to monitor and track them nonetheless."
4. Use technology
   Technology can also be vital for keeping up with virtual employees, says Andy Miller, the CEO ofCardStar, a smartphone application provider that stores loyalty, rewards and club membership card information. His team is located in three different U.S. cities, and each employee has a laptop, cellphone and USB modem "so that they can connect anywhere," says Miller. Texting and e-mail, along with meeting via video Skype, provide something akin to face time. "When I was in corporate America, I realized that it was highly inefficient: There were so many meetings you didn't have to be at but were required anyway," says Miller. "You end up working harder and doing less."
5. Don't stalk employees
   It's perfectly acceptable to check in on workers and make sure they're doing their jobs appropriately. However, there's a fine line between just checking in and watching them, Lesonky says. "The danger is if the employee goes home and you are constantly questioning them, they'll feel like they are more under your eye," she says, adding that retaining employees in such a situation will likely become difficult.
6. Establish performance measurements
   Of course, it's perfectly reasonable to want to know how remote workers spend their time, which after all you're paying for. When Ken Clark, the CEO of1-800-Translate、翻译和语言管理服务New York, started moving his work force home last year, he found it challenging to manage a 12-person staff, plus thousands of contractors around the world. To keep employees on track, Clark turned to performance reviews. Each time a job is completed, the company sends out quality assurance e-mails to customers. This practice helps signal early on which employees are doing well and which aren't, he says. "For small businesses, especially, one bad apple can put you out of business," Clark says. "Even a marginal employee is a tremendous strain on an organization. Our aim is to identify with them quickly."

--Write to Diana Ransom atdransom@smartmoney.com

• Entrepreneurs Doing Business by Avatar
• For Entrepreneurs, Sharing Can Sting